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Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning, and More(+) - (LGBTQ+) Pride Month is an annual celebration each June to honor the 1969 Stonewall Uprising in NYC. pride banner

Timeline of United States LGBTQ+ History

Pre-20th Century 17th-19th Centuries: Early colonial laws often criminalized homosexual acts, reflecting European influence. For example, sodomy was a capital offense in many colonies.  1890s: The term "homosexual" began to be used in medical and psychological contexts, although non-heteronormative behaviors and identities existed long before.  Early 20th Century 1924: The Society for Human Rights, the first known gay rights organization in the U.S., was founded in Chicago by Henry Gerber, although it was short-lived.  1930s-1940s: Homosexuality was increasingly criminalized, and many LGBTQ individuals were marginalized and persecuted.  Post-World War II Era 1950: The Mattachine Society, one of the earliest LGBTQ rights organizations, was founded in Los Angeles by Harry Hay.  1955: The Daughters of Bilitis, the first lesbian rights organization, was founded in San Francisco by Del Martin and Phyllis Lyon.  1960s 1961: Illinois became the first state to decriminalize homosexual acts between consenting adults in private.  1966: The Compton's Cafeteria Riot in San Francisco marked one of the first LGBTQ uprisings against police harassment.  1969: The Stonewall Riots in New York City were a series of spontaneous demonstrations by members of the LGBTQ community against a police raid. This event is widely considered the catalyst for the modern LGBTQ rights movement.  1970s 1970: The first Gay Pride marches were held in New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago to commemorate the anniversary of the Stonewall Riots.  1973: The American Psychiatric Association removed homosexuality from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).  1978: Harvey Milk, one of the first openly gay elected officials in the U.S., was assassinated along with San Francisco Mayor George Moscone.  1978: The rainbow flag, designed by Gilbert Baker, was flown for the first time in San Francisco, becoming a symbol of LGBTQ pride.1980s 1980: The Democratic National Convention adopted a platform that included a plank supporting gay rights for the first time.  1981: The AIDS crisis began, disproportionately affecting gay men and galvanizing the LGBTQ community and its allies to fight for medical research, treatment, and civil rights.  1987: The AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) was founded in New York City, advocating for AIDS research, treatment, and policy changes.  1990s 1993: The "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" (DADT) policy was implemented, allowing gay and lesbian individuals to serve in the military as long as they did not disclose their sexual orientation.  1996: The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) was signed into law, defining marriage as the union between one man and one woman for federal purposes.  2000s 2003: The U.S. Supreme Court struck down sodomy laws in Lawrence v. Texas, decriminalizing consensual same-sex activity nationwide.  2004: Massachusetts became the first state to legalize same-sex marriage.  2009: The Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act was signed into law, expanding federal hate crime laws to include crimes motivated by a victim's actual or perceived gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability.  2010s 2010: The "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy was repealed, allowing LGBTQ individuals to serve openly in the military.  2013: The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in United States v. Windsor that the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) was unconstitutional, leading to federal recognition of same-sex marriages.2015: The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Obergefell v. Hodges that same-sex marriage is a constitutional right, effectively legalizing it nationwide.  2020s 2020: The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Bostock v. Clayton County that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects employees against discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity.  2021: President Joe Biden signed an executive order to combat discrimination based on gender identity or sexual orientation, reinforcing protections in various sectors.

LGBTQ+ Picks

Books & Ebooks available through the SPC Libraries

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Ways to Request

Be sure to check your public library for additional digital access to CloudLibrary, Hoopla, and Libby Apps. This gives you additional free access to ebooks, audiobooks, music, and films.

Search Films on Demand, a library database, for nonfiction videos on this topic.

TedTalks - LGBTQ+ Perspectives 

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Using Library Databases for research has many advantages for finding credible sources. Library Databases provide curated journal and magazine articles, books, images, videos and primary sources. Databases contain scholarly and peer-reviewed articles written by credible authors, researchers and experts in their field. Database search tools help users target the results for the information they need. Most databases provide suggested citations which should be verified using the APA or MLA style manuals.

Many of the library databases have articles about LGBTQ topics. The following list is not comprehensive.

Journals 

Search of a list of journals on this topic or specific journals available through SPC Libraries.

 

Below are some of the Journals we recommend, again, this is not a comprehensive list. There are many additional journals to explore! 

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Need to Know Resources